{"id":12498,"date":"2025-04-03T12:00:34","date_gmt":"2025-04-03T12:00:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bosporus24.de\/?p=12498"},"modified":"2025-03-31T14:05:22","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T14:05:22","slug":"was-ist-der-zoll-und-welche-aufgaben-hat-er-in-deutschland","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bosporus24.de\/tr\/was-ist-der-zoll-und-welche-aufgaben-hat-er-in-deutschland\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fcmr\u00fck nedir ve Almanya'daki g\u00f6revleri nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"G\u00fcmr\u00fck\" denince akl\u0131n\u0131za bagaj kontrolleri, ye\u015fil ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 koridorlar\u0131 olan bir havaalan\u0131 gelebilir. Ancak G\u00fcmr\u00fck<\/strong> bundan \u00e7ok daha fazlas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Almanya'da g\u00fcmr\u00fckler \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00f6revler \u00fcstlenmektedir. Vergi tahsilat\u0131<\/strong> kadar Kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile m\u00fccadele<\/strong>. Bu makalede g\u00fcmr\u00fcklerin tam olarak ne oldu\u011funu ve nelerden sorumlu oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011freneceksiniz.<\/p>\n

1. G\u00fcmr\u00fck nedir ki zaten?<\/h2>\n

Bu G\u00fcmr\u00fck<\/strong> bir Federal Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131'n\u0131n Yetkisi<\/strong> ve organizasyonel olarak Federal G\u00fcmr\u00fck \u0130daresi<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Sadece s\u0131n\u0131rlardan ge\u00e7en mallar\u0131 kontrol etmekle kalm\u0131yor, ayn\u0131 zamanda Almanya'da g\u00fcvenlik, ekonomik istikrar ve adil \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 da sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

2. G\u00fcmr\u00fcklerin ana g\u00f6revleri<\/h2>\n

\u0130thalat vergileri ve har\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tahsil edin<\/strong><\/h3>\n

G\u00fcmr\u00fck \u00fccretleri:<\/p>\n

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    G\u00fcmr\u00fck vergileri<\/strong> (AB \u00fcyesi olmayan \u00fclkelerden gelen mallar i\u00e7in)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    \u0130thalat sat\u0131\u015f vergisi<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    \u00d6zel t\u00fcketim vergileri<\/strong> (\u00f6rn. alkol, t\u00fct\u00fcn, enerji)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u00d6rnek:<\/strong>
    Bir \u015firket Banglade\u015f'ten ti\u015f\u00f6rt ithal etmektedir. G\u00fcmr\u00fck, mallar Alman pazar\u0131na ula\u015fmadan \u00f6nce ithalat vergilerini tahsil etmektedir.<\/p>\n

    S\u0131n\u0131r kontrolleri ve n\u00fcfusun korunmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    G\u00fcmr\u00fckler, mallar\u0131n ithalat ve ihracat\u0131n\u0131 \u015fu ama\u00e7larla kontrol eder:<\/p>\n

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      yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin durdurulmas\u0131 (\u00f6rn. silahlar, uyu\u015fturucular, sahte markalar)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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      tehlikeli veya yasakl\u0131 mallar\u0131 tan\u0131mak<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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      fikri m\u00fclkiyetin korunmas\u0131 (marka, patent ve \u00fcr\u00fcn korsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u00d6rnek:<\/strong>
      Frankfurt Havaliman\u0131'nda g\u00fcmr\u00fck, bir yolcunun valizinde sahte marka ayakkab\u0131lar tespit etti ve ayakkab\u0131lara el koydu.<\/p>\n

      Kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 istihdamla m\u00fccadele<\/strong><\/h3>\n

      G\u00fcmr\u00fcklerin \u00f6nemli bir sorumluluk alan\u0131 da g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergilerinin kontrol\u00fcd\u00fcr:<\/p>\n

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      • \n

        Beyan edilmemi\u015f i\u015f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        yasa di\u015fi i\u0307sti\u0307hdam<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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        Asgari \u00fccret su\u00e7lar\u0131<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u0130\u015fte burada Beyan Edilmemi\u015f \u0130\u015flerin Mali Kontrol\u00fc (FKS)<\/strong> - \u00f6zel bir g\u00fcmr\u00fck birimi.<\/p>\n

        \u00d6rnek:<\/strong>
        Ge\u00e7erli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma izinleri olmayan kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7iler bir \u015fantiyede tespit edildi - g\u00fcmr\u00fck i\u015flemleri ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

        \u015eirketlere dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k ve kontrol<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        G\u00fcmr\u00fck, \u015firketleri \u015fu konularda destekler:<\/p>\n

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          \u0130thalat\/ihracat konular\u0131<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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          G\u00fcmr\u00fck tarifeleri, \u00fcr\u00fcn etiketleme ve men\u015fe kurallar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda sorular<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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          Kay\u0131tlar (\u00f6rn. EORI numaras\u0131)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Ayr\u0131ca \u015firketlerin her \u015feyi do\u011fru yap\u0131p yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da d\u00fczenli olarak kontrol eder - \u00f6rn. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclkelere mal ihracat\u0131<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

          3. G\u00fcmr\u00fckler nas\u0131l organize ediliyor?<\/h2>\n

          G\u00fcmr\u00fck idaresi \u015funlardan olu\u015fur<\/p>\n

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            G\u00fcmr\u00fckler Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong> (Merkezi kontrol)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            Ana g\u00fcmr\u00fck ofisleri<\/strong> (b\u00f6lgesel olarak sorumlu)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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            G\u00fcmr\u00fck ofisleri<\/strong> (s\u0131n\u0131r ve havaalan\u0131 izni)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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            FKS<\/strong> (Yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 istihdam\u0131n mali kontrol\u00fc)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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            G\u00fcmr\u00fck soru\u015fturmas\u0131<\/strong> (Cezai su\u00e7lara ili\u015fkin soru\u015fturmalar)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            4 G\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famda geleneklerle nerede kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorsunuz?<\/h2>\n
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              At the Online al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f<\/strong> \u00c7in veya ABD'den \u2192 g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi \u00f6demeniz gerekebilir<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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              A\u00e7\u0131k Havaalan\u0131<\/strong>AB \u00fcyesi olmayan bir \u00fclkeden geliyorsan\u0131z<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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              E\u011fer sen Yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131 koliler<\/strong> g\u00f6nderme veya alma<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              Bir giri\u015fimci olarak, e\u011fer ithalat\/ihracat i\u015fletmek<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

               <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Wenn du an \u201eZoll\u201c denkst, kommt dir vielleicht der Flughafen in den Sinn \u2013 mit Kofferkontrollen, gr\u00fcnen und roten G\u00e4ngen. Aber der Zoll ist viel mehr als das. In Deutschland […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[235,155],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12498","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-was-ist-der-zoll-und-welche-aufgaben-hat-er-in-deutschland","category-zoll-importverfahren"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bosporus24.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12498","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bosporus24.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bosporus24.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bosporus24.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bosporus24.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12498"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bosporus24.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12498\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12499,"href":"https:\/\/bosporus24.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12498\/revisions\/12499"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bosporus24.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12498"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bosporus24.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12498"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bosporus24.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12498"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}